- Title
- Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of β-Cryptoxanthin Supplementation in Healthy Women: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
- Creator
- Tan, Karen M. L.; Chee, Jolene; Tint, Mya Thway; Kee, Michelle Z. L.; Müller-Riemenschneider, Falk; Gluckman, Peter D.; Meaney, Michael J.; Kumar, Mukkesh; Karnani, Neerja; Eriksson, Johan G.; Nandanan, Bindu; Wyss, Adrian; Lim, Kezlyn L. M.; Cameron-Smith, David; Ng, Maisie; Gong, Min; Xu, Jia; Tin, Felicia; Natarajan, Padmapriya; Lee, Bee Lan; Ong, Choon Nam
- Relation
- Nutrients Vol. 15, Issue 10, no. 2325
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15102325
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2023
- Description
- Background: β-cryptoxanthin is a dietary carotenoid for which there have been few studies on the safety and pharmacokinetics following daily oral supplementation. Methods: 90 healthy Asian women between 21 and 35 years were randomized into three groups: 3 and 6 mg/day oral β-cryptoxanthin, and placebo. At 2, 4, and 8 weeks of supplementation, plasma carotenoid levels were measured. The effects of β-cryptoxanthin on blood retinoid-dependent gene expression, mood, physical activity and sleep, metabolic parameters, and fecal microbial composition were investigated. Results: β-cryptoxanthin supplementation for 8 weeks (3 and 6 mg/day) was found to be safe and well tolerated. Plasma β-cryptoxanthin concentration was significantly higher in the 6 mg/day group (9.0 ± 4.1 µmol/L) compared to 3 mg/day group (6.0 ± 2.6 µmol/L) (p < 0.03), and placebo (0.4 ± 0.1 µmol/L) (p < 0.001) after 8 weeks. Plasma all-trans retinol, α-cryptoxanthin, α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, and zeaxanthin levels were not significantly changed. No effects were found on blood retinol-dependent gene expression, mood, physical activity and sleep, metabolic parameters, and fecal microbial composition. Conclusions: Oral β-cryptoxanthin supplementation over 8 weeks lead to high plasma concentrations of β-cryptoxanthin, with no impact on other carotenoids, and was well tolerated in healthy women.
- Subject
- carotenoids; Asian women; gene expression; mood; physical activity; fecal microbiome
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1484020
- Identifier
- uon:51255
- Identifier
- ISSN:2072-6643
- Rights
- x
- Language
- eng
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